Sleep is a fundamental component of a child’s development, yet up to 30% of children experience sleep disorders that can significantly impact their health and daily functioning . Common pediatric sleep disorders include insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), parasomnias like sleepwalking and night terrors, and restless leg syndrome . These conditions can lead to behavioral problems, academic difficulties, and impaired social interactions, underscoring the importance of early recognition and intervention.
Diagnosing sleep disorders in children involves a comprehensive evaluation of sleep patterns, behaviors, and medical history. Tools such as sleep diaries, questionnaires, and polysomnography (sleep studies) are commonly used to assess the nature and severity of the disorder . For instance, OSA is characterized by repeated episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep and oxygen desaturation . Identifying the specific disorder is crucial for implementing effective treatment strategies.
Management of pediatric sleep disorders often involves behavioral interventions, such as establishing consistent bedtime routines, promoting good sleep hygiene, and addressing underlying psychological factors . In cases of OSA, treatment options may include adenotonsillectomy or the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy . Early and appropriate treatment not only improves sleep quality but also enhances overall well-being, cognitive function, and quality of life for affected children.
